Article

Evaluation of Invitro Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Aqueous Solanum aethiopicum (Garden Egg) Leaf Extract

Abstract

Inflammation is a part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells or irritants. This study is aimed at evaluating the invitro anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous leaves extract of Solanum aethiopicum (Family: Solanaceae). In vitro anti-inflammatory potentials were evaluated using standard experimental protocols such as Inhibition of albumin denaturation, Anti-lipoxygenase activity, Membrane stabilization and Proteinase inhibitory action at different concentrations with aspirin and diclofenac used as the standard drug. Aqueous extract of S.aethiopicum leaves were tested for the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, glycoside, steroids, phenol and terpenoids. The total phenol and flavonoid content were evaluated as well. The total phenol and flavonoid content were found to be (132±0.13 mg of Gallic acid/g of equivalent) and (146±1.12mg of Quercetin/g of equivalent). The IC50 values of the extract, diclofenac and aspirin (standard drug) in inhibition of albumin denaturation were 50.20 μg/ml and 31.54μg/ml; in Anti-lipoxygenase activity were 199μg/ml and 28.2μg/ml; in Membrane stabilization were 9.36μg/ml and 19.85μg/ml and Protein denaturation 714μg/ml and 23.5μg/ml. The Inhibition of membrane stabilization might be the possible mechanism by which the extract elicits its anti-inflammatory effect. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the aqueous extract of Solanum aethiopicum is a potent source of anti-inflammatory agents and this justified its uses in the treatment of various infections.

Keywords: Inflammation, Solanum aethiopicum, Antilipoxygenase, Membrane stabilization, Albumin denaturation.