Research article

Association Between Diabetes Mellitus With ABO/Rh Blood Group and Socio-Demographic Factors in Kabridahar General Hospital, Somali Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels due to a lack of insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. This is a multi-factorial disease caused by interactions between genetic, immunological, and environmental variables. Type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes are the three most frequent kinds of diabetes today. In Kabridahar, Ethiopia, the study was conducted using the case–control technique. Representative samples were chosen using a random sampling technique from people who were asked to provide socio-demographic information and blood samples for blood type identification. Questionnaires were created to capture socio-demographic information that could be linked to diabetes mellitus. There were 401 people in all who participated in the study, with 201 diabetic patients (71 type I and 130 type II diabetic patients) and 202 non-diabetics. There were 223 men and 180 women among the 403 competitors. SPSS version 26.0 was used to analyze the data. The chi-square test of relationships between age, marital status, blood group, family history, and Rh factors with diabetes mellitus revealed a significant association, but not with sex as well as residence. Above 40 years of age, married from marital status, and study participants with a diabetic family history were more susceptible to diabetes, whereas those aged 16–40 years and singles had a lower risk of diabetes than other comparable groups. Type B and A blood types were more predisposed to diabetes mellitus, while blood types O and AB had a reduced risk. Diabetes mellitus was also less affected in people with Rh negative blood. Further research is needed to determine the detail causes of the link between diabetes mellitus and socio-demographic characteristics, blood types, and Rh factors.

Keywords: association, alood group, diabetes mellitus, rhesus factor, socio-demographic factors.